东喜马拉雅构造结泥质高压麻粒岩的锆石和独居石定年与地质意义     

芦维瑞  张泽明  李文坛  安文涛  任宏飞  郭明明  王迪  吴双鹏 《岩石学报》2021,37(11):3413-3434

东喜马拉雅构造结的南迦巴瓦杂岩含有广泛分布的高压麻粒岩,但由于以前获得了许多不同的年龄,对这些麻粒岩的变质与深熔时代、持续时间和成因存在不同认识。本文对泥质高压麻粒岩（蓝晶石榴黑云片岩）中的锆石和独居石进行了系统的内部结构、U-（Th）-Pb定年和微量元素分析,以求揭示这些岩石是否具有相同的演化过程。所研究的6个蓝晶石榴黑云片岩由石榴石、蓝晶石、黑云母、石英、钾长石、斜长石、夕线石、白云母、石墨和副矿物金红石、钛铁矿、锆石和独居石组成,峰期矿物组合是石榴石+蓝晶石+斜长石+钾长石+黑云母+石英+金红石。6个样品中的锆石均由继承碎屑核+变质（深熔）幔+变质（深熔）边组成。其中3个样品中的锆石幔和边较宽,均可进行原位定年,幔部给出了类似的较老年龄范围（39.6~31.6Ma、40.8~32.0Ma和38.1~31.3Ma）,而边部给出了类似的较年轻年龄范围（26.8~17.3Ma、28.3~18.6Ma和28.4~18.8Ma）。另外3个样品的锆石幔部较窄,不能进行分析,其边部给出了与前3个样品锆石边部类似的年轻年龄范围（22.0~17.0Ma、20.9~16.9Ma和22.2~16.6Ma）。一个片岩样品中的独居石给出了与其锆石幔部+边部年龄类似的较宽年龄范围（38.1~17.5Ma）,而另外3个样品中的独居石获得了与其锆石边部年龄相似的年轻年龄范围（26.0~18.8Ma、22.3~16.9Ma和26.4~19.4Ma）。随着年龄的减小,锆石和独居石的Th/U比值增大,Eu/Eu^*减小,独居石的HREE和Y含量减小。基于这些分析结果,笔者认为所研究的6个片岩记录了相同的、从~41Ma持续到~17Ma的进变质与深熔过程。但是,由于某些样品中的锆石和独居石在早期变质和深熔过程中形成的结晶域（锆石幔部）很窄,无法定年,导致不同的样品获得了不同的年龄范围。结合现有研究成果,笔者推测南迦巴瓦杂岩中的高压麻粒岩经历了相似的长期进变质与深熔过程。  相似文献   

西准噶尔南部庙尔沟岩体晚石炭世花岗闪长斑岩岩石成因及其动力学背景     

段丰浩  支倩  李永军  肖鸿  王盼龙  高吉鹏 《岩石学报》2021,37(4):1159-1176

位于西准噶尔南部的庙尔沟岩体主体由碱长花岗岩和少量紫苏花岗岩组成。本文在前人工作基础上,以岩体东南边缘新发现的花岗闪长斑岩为研究对象,开展岩石学、年代学和Hf同位素以及全岩地球化学研究,确定花岗闪长斑岩形成时代、揭示岩石成因类型及源区属性、探讨其与碱长花岗岩和紫苏花岗岩岩浆演化成因联系及其形成的深部动力学过程。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,花岗闪长斑岩形成于317.4±1.9Ma,为晚石炭世早期岩浆活动的产物,明显早于紫苏花岗岩(～307Ma)和碱长花岗岩(～303Ma)。岩石地球化学数据表明,花岗闪长斑岩具有较高硅、中等铝,贫钙、铁、镁,富集Rb、K、Th、U,强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Ti的特征,为钙碱性弱过铝质I型花岗岩;紫苏花岗岩更多的表现出钙碱性-高钾钙碱性镁质I型紫苏花岗岩特征;碱长花岗岩为碱性准铝质-弱过铝质A型花岗岩。锆石Hf同位素分析结果表明,花岗闪长斑岩、紫苏花岗岩和碱长花岗岩均具有高正的ε_(Hf)(t)值(+11.6～+15.8)和年轻的二阶段模式年龄(325～600Ma),表明其原始岩浆主要起源于亏损地幔新衍生的年轻地壳物质。综合分析认为,庙尔沟岩体花岗闪长斑岩形成于晚石炭世早期洋壳俯冲背景,由底侵的、受流体交代的幔源基性岩浆与其诱发的年轻下地壳酸性岩浆在深部混合而成。紫苏花岗岩和碱长花岗岩形成于弧后伸展背景,前者是伸展初期继续底侵于下地壳的幔源玄武质岩浆降温释放大量的水和热诱使早期侵位于下地壳的镁铁质岩石再次发生部分熔融的产物,后者是伸展后期大规模软流圈地幔上涌底垫加热年轻中下地壳使其部分熔融而成。  相似文献   

新疆奇台县黄羊山石墨矿床特征、物质来源及成因     

孙新浩  任云生  孙珍军  李作武  王承洋 《岩石学报》2021,37(6):1867-1882

黄羊山石墨矿床位于新疆东准噶尔造山带南部的卡拉麦里地区东南段,是近年来新发现的国内外首个产于花岗岩体中的超大型石墨矿床。成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征研究表明,该矿床与黄羊山碱性花岗岩体具有密切的时空及成因联系,矿石具独特的球状构造,球体中石墨与长英质矿物及磁黄铁矿、黄铜矿等金属硫化物密切共生。为确定黄羊山石墨矿床的成因和成矿物质来源,本文开展了球状矿石中的石墨拉曼光谱分析和C同位素测试,对与石墨密切共生的金属硫化物开展S-Pb同位素分析。结果表明,黄羊山矿床球状矿石不同部位石墨的拉曼谱峰相似,显示具有很高的结晶程度,估算结晶温度为750～800℃;7件石墨样品的δ~(13)C值在-19.27‰～-19.90‰,分布非常集中,介于岩浆碳值和有机碳值之间,表明具有两者的混合来源。4件磁黄铁矿样品的δ~(34)S值集中在-2.3‰～-2.9‰之间,接近原始地幔值;在Pb同位素构造环境判别图解上,Pb同位素比值(~(206)Pb/~(204) Pb=18.114～19.040,~(207)Pb/~(204) Pb=15.448 ～ 15.543,~(208) Pb/~(204)Pb=38.253～38.915)显示较好的线性关系,延伸方向与地幔演化曲线的延伸方向基本一致;S-Pb同位素测试结果表明,与石墨共生金属硫化物具有幔源特征。综合黄羊山矿床成矿地质条件、成矿特征、石墨及共生硫化物的物质来源等研究结果,本文初步认为,黄羊山石墨矿床形成于碱性花岗岩的岩浆作用阶段,矿石中的金属硫化物来自岩浆混合作用中的幔源基性端元,碳质由于岩浆同化混染作用达到饱和,在硫化物的催化下沉积形成石墨。  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地南缘西段中、上侏罗统沉积演化及控制因素分析          下载免费PDF全文

张驰  于兴河  姚宗全  李顺利  单新  向曼  李亚龙 《中国地质》2021,48(1):284-296

针对准噶尔盆地南缘中、上侏罗统沉积体系演化控制因素不清、沉积模式不明等问题,通过对多条露头剖面精细解剖、详尽写实沉积特征描述等手段,分析了其垂向序列、砂体叠置方式、水动力条件、沉积体系演化及控制因素。研究表明准南中、上侏罗统自下而上分别发育辫状河沉积、曲流河沉积和扇三角洲沉积,古气候与构造造成的水动力条件的变化是控制这种沉积演化的主要因素。其中头屯河组底部发育辫状河沉积,古气候温暖湿润,形成堆叠型砂体叠置方式;中部发育辫-曲转换沉积,古气候开始初步干旱,形成紧密叠置型砂体;上部发育曲流河沉积,降雨量较少古气候干旱,形成孤立河道型砂体。齐古组发育季节性曲流河沉积,古气候较为干旱,在湿润期降雨量较充足时发育侧向迁移型砂体,干旱期则发育侧向连片型砂体。喀拉扎组发育扇三角洲沉积,古气候整体炎热干旱,构造活动剧烈,碎屑水道在扇三角洲平原构成垂向切割型砂体,而前缘水下分流河道则构成侧向切割型砂体。  相似文献   

Cenozoic Crustally-derived Carbonate-rich Magmatic Rocks in West Junggar,North Xinjiang,Western China: Geochronology,Geochemistry and Tectonic Implications     

CHEN Shi  LIANG Xinxin  ZHANG Yuanyuan  GUO Zhaojie  QI Jiafu 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1112-1127

The carbonate-rich magmatic rocks of West Junggar are distributed in the Baijiantan and Darbut ophiolitic mélanges in the forms of extrusive rocks overlying the mélanges and dykes, either along the margins of the mélange or cross-cutting components of mélanges. Chilled margin and flow structures are present. A SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 39.7 ± 1.3 Ma indicates that these carbonate-rich rocks in West Junggar were formed during the Eocene. They have low concentrations in REEs, Th, U, Nb, Ta and are characterized by extremely low εN d(t), high(87 Sr/86 Sr)i ratios, relatively high δ18 OV-SMOW values and high δ13 CV-PDB values, which is similar with most sedimentary carbonates. Furthermore, no contemporaneous mantle-derived silicate rocks have yet been found in West Junggar. The carbonate-rich rocks in West Junggar are thus distinct from mantle-derived carbonatites and are interpreted to result from melting of the Carboniferous sedimentary carbonates at crustal levels, these rocks therefore being referred to as 'crustal carbonatites'. The Eocene crustal carbonatites in West Junggar and other Cenozoic magmatic rocks in North Xinjiang are generally situated along regional strike-slip faults or fault intersections. Therefore, we propose that the reactivation of the Darbut and Baijiantan crustal-scale strike-slip fault zones(ophiolitic mélanges), due to the far-field effects of the Indian-Eurasian collision, enables decompression melting of the underlying continental lithospheric mantle. These resulting melts ascended to the lower crust through the strike-slip faults, causing partial melting of the Carboniferous carbonaceous sediments. The crustal carbonatites in West Junggar provide a new piece of evidence for Cenozoic magmatism in North Xinjiang and are also significant for the investigation of tectono-magmatic relations in North Xinjiang and the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.  相似文献   

Structural Setting and Kinematic Analysis of the Halaban Region,Eastern Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia     

Osama M. KASSEM  Yousef A. ALAMRI  Faisal K. ZAIDI  Abdel Aziz M. AL BASSAM  Mansour H. AL-HASHIM 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(3):750-760

The vorticity analysis technique was applied to measure the different lithological units,such as schist,metagranite and metavolcano-sedimentary rocks,which are present in the Halaban region.This work aims to interpret the relationship between the different lithologies and the tectonic setting,in order to elucidate the nature of kinematic analysis in the Halaban region.The kinematic analyses were applied to feldspar porphyroclasts,quartz and hornblende for twentysix samples.The kinematic vorticity number (W_m) for deformed rocks in the study area ranged from～0.6 to 0.9.The direction of the long axes for finite strain data (X axes) revealed a WNW trend with shallow dipping.The direction of the short axes for finite strain data (Z axes) were represented by vertical with associated horizontal foliation.The results of the kinematic vorticity and strain analyses are characterized by simple shear with different degrees of deformation in the Halaban region.Furthermore,our finite strain data shows no significant volume change during deformation.The subhorizontal foliation was synchronized with thrusting and deformation.Furthermore,throughout the overlying nappes,the same attitudes of tectonic contacts are observable,the nappes in the orogens being formed from simple shear deformation.  相似文献   

Cretaceous paleogeomorphology restoration and its controlling mechanism on sand-bodies in Chunguang exploration area,Junggar Basin          下载免费PDF全文

Cheng Yi-Fan  Dong Yan-Lei  Zhu Xiao-Min  Yang Dao-Qing  Wu Wei  Yang Ke  Su Bin  Zhao Rui-Xing  Qiao Chen-Kai 《古地理学报》2021,22(6):1127-1142

  相似文献   

砾石在分析盆地物源区迁移与湖岸线演化中的作用^*          下载免费PDF全文

高志勇  石雨昕  冯佳睿  周川闽 《古地理学报》2021,23(3):507-524

中国中西部盆地的盆山结合部位,勘探程度较低、钻井少、地震成像复杂,致使利用传统的地震相、测井相、岩心资料等研究原型盆地岩相古地理特征较为困难。基于露头中巨厚砾岩发育层段对应盆地内储集层平面展布范围最广这一认识,运用“将今论古”方法,建立南天山前现代冲积扇、扇三角洲平原、河流等沉积体系中砾石与搬运距离关系,以及不同沉积相类型中砾石发育产状与湖岸线远近关系,定量计算了准噶尔盆地多条重点剖面侏罗系—白垩系现今位置与沉积物源区和湖岸线演化的距离,恢复了侏罗纪—白垩纪物源区范围与湖岸线演化过程。认为侏罗纪—早白垩世砂砾岩储集体向盆地内延伸范围最大时期的湖岸线,明显与现今盆地边缘线有一向西北方向敞开的夹角,该认识对在编制岩相古地理图过程中以盆地边缘线即为湖岸线的观念提出了不同见解,为恢复准南等低勘探程度区原型盆地的岩相古地理特征、预测有利储集体的展布提供参数依据。建立的刻画物源区变化和湖岸线迁移的定量评价方法与参数,是对传统沉积学研究的有益补充。  相似文献   

Delineation of the 85°E ridge and its structure in the Mahanadi Offshore Basin,Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI), from seismic reflection imaging     

Rabi Bastia  M. Radhakrishna  Suman Das  Anand S. Kale  Octavian Catuneanu 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010

The passive Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) evolved during the break up of India and East Antarctica in the Early Cretaceous. The 85°E ridge is a prominent linear aseismic feature extending from the Afanasy Nikitin Seamounts northward to the Mahanadi basin along the ECMI. Earlier workers have interpreted the ridge to be a prominent hot spot trail. In the absence of conclusive data, the extension of the ridge towards its northern extremity below the thick Bengal Fan sediments was a matter of postulation. In the present study, interpretation of high resolution 2-D reflection data from the Mahanadi Offshore Basin, located in the northern part of the ridge, unequivocally indicates continuation of the ridge across the continent–ocean boundary into the slope and shelf tracts of the ECMI. Its morphology and internal architecture suggest a volcanic plume related origin that can be correlated with the activity of the Kerguelen hot spot in the nascent Indian Ocean. In the continental region, the plume related volcanic activity appears to have obliterated all seismic features typical of continental crust. The deeper oceanic crust, over which the hot spot plume erupted, shows the presence of linear NS aligned basement highs, corresponding with the ridge, underlain by a depressed Moho discontinuity. In the deep oceanic basin, the ridge influences the sediment dispersal pattern from the Early Cretaceous (?)/early part of Late Cretaceous times till the end of Oligocene, which is an important aspect for understanding the hydrocarbon potential of the basin.  相似文献   

Preliminary 3–D geological model of the Kalgoorlie region,Yilgarn Craton,Western Australia,based on deep seismic‐reflection and potential‐field data     

B. R. Goleby  R. J. Korsch  T. Fomin  B. Bell  M. G. Nicoll  B. J. Drummond 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):917-933

The granite‐greenstone terranes of the Eastern Goldfields Province, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia, are a major Australian and world gold and nickel source. The Kalgoorlie region, in particular, hosts several world‐class gold deposits. To attempt to understand why these deposits occur where they do, it is important to understand the crustal architecture in the region and how the major mineral systems operate in this architecture. One way to understand these relationships is to develop a detailed 3–D geological model for the region. The best method to map the 3–D geometry of major geological structures is by acquisition and interpretation of seismic‐reflection profiles. To contribute to this aim, a grid of deep seismic‐reflection traverses was acquired in 1999 to examine the 3–D geometry of the region in an area including the Kalgoorlie mineral region and mineral fields to the north and west. This grid was tied to the 1991 regional deep seismic traverse and 1997 high‐resolution seismic profiles in the same region. The grid covers an area measuring approximately 50 km wide by 50 km long and extended to a depth of approximately 50 km (below the base of the crust in this region). The resulting 3–D geological model was further constrained by both surface geological data and geophysical interpretations, with the seismic interpretations themselves also constrained by gravity and magnetic modelling. The 3–D model was used to investigate the geometric relationships between the major faults and shear zones in the area, the relationship between the granite‐greenstone succession and the basement, and the spatial relationships between the greenstones and the granites. Interpretation of the grid of seismic lines and construction of the 3–D geological model confirmed the existence of the detachment surface and led to the recognition that the granite‐greenstone contact usually occurs at a much shallower level than the detachment. Also, west‐dipping faults in the vicinity of the Golden Mile, including the Abattoir Shear through to Boulder‐Lefroy Fault, appear to be more important than previously thought in controlling the structure of that area. An antiformal thrust stack occurs beneath a triangle zone centred on the Golden Mile. The Black Flag Group was deposited in a probable extensional setting, and late extension was also probably more important than previously thought. The granite‐gneiss domes were uplifted by the formation of antiformal thrust stacks at depth beneath them.  相似文献